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OBJECTIONS RAISED ON THE DEFINITION OF BID`AT


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OBJECTION > Bid`at is that innovation in religious matters which was brought into practice after the blessed age of The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa`sallam) and if any novelty is introduced in worldly matters it will not be called a Bid`at. So Milad, Fatiha are Bid`ats (because they are considered as religious activities) and things such as telegrams, telephones and other inventions will not be called Bid`ats because they have nothing to do with religion. The Hadith says, "Whosoever innovates a new thing in our religion is rejected." The word "in our religion" in the Hadith proves that any new thing which is introduced in religion will be Bid`at and not that which is secular. And Bid`at in religious matters is Haraam, and lastly, there is nothing like Bid`at-e-Hasana because the Hadith says that all types of innovations are rejected.

 

ANSWER TO OBJECTION

 

Bid`at is not confined to matters concerning religion only because the Sahih Hadith and the sayings of the Ulama, Fuqaaha and Muhadditheen are against this. A Bid`at is that innovation which came into practice after the blessed age of the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa`sallam) be it worldly or religious. A Hadith in the book Miskhat (Babul I`tisaam) says, "Every new thing is a Bid`at." There is no restriction of Bid`at being religious or worldly and we have also quoted the statements from the books Ashi`atul Lam`aat and Mirqaat in the preceding pages which say that Bid`at is not restricted to religious matters only.

 

The chapter, "Types of Bid`at and their Status in Shari`at," in this book, we have quoted from the books Mirqaat and Shami that to partake of good food and drink and to wear nice clothes in Bid`at Ja`iz. These are worldly affairs but they have been mentioned as Bid`ats which are permissible (Ja`iz), therefore this restriction of Bid`at to matters religious only is wrong and baseless.

 

Let us, for a moment, suppose that Bid`at is restricted to religious matters only. Now what can be called a religious matter? The answer will be that thing which induces Thawaab (Reward). Mustahab, Nafil, Wajib, Fardh, etc. are all religious affairs which are done to gain reward and any worldly action done with a good intention will surely induce reward. It is said in a Hadith that "to meet a Muslim brother with a cheerful face is equal to giving Sadaqa (charity) in Allah`s way." Likewise, it is rewarding to foster one`s children with a good intention. A Hadith says, "Even that morsel of food you put in your wife`s mouth is rewarding." Therefore, a Muslim`s every action, be it religious or secular is rewarding because it is done with the intention of pleasing Allah Ta`ala.

 

We will now list a few things which were not during the blessed age of The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa`sallam) but were innovated afterwards and made part and parcel of religion.

 

(i) Construction of Madrassay

 

(ii) Dividing the Qur`an into thirty parts

 

(iii) Marking the expressions on the Holy Qur`an, viz. Fatha, Kasra, Dhamma (Zabar, Zer, Pesh)

 

(iv) Printing the Holy Book and other religious books in the press.

 

(v) The compilation of I`lm-e-Hadith and Fiqh

 

(vi) To put down the Holy verses of the Qur`an in paper form, etc.

 

All the above mentioned things are Bid`ats which were not in the blessed age of The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa`sallam) but are considered religious. Those who say that Milad and Fatiha are Bid`ats because those religious affairs which were innovated after the blessed age of the Holy Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa`sallam) should have a look at the above list and show us which of these two things are not included in the religion and which was there in the blessed age?

 

The Hadith: "Whosoever invents a new thing in our religion is rejected" which you have presented in your objection means that whoever innovates a new belief or whoever innovates a new action which is in contradiction with the Kitaab and Sunnah will be rejected.

 

In the last part of the objection, you say that all Bid`ats are Haraam and there is nothing like Bidat`-e-Hasana. Such a statement contradicts with the Hadith which says that: "Whoever sets a good precedent in Islam will be rewarded and whoever sets a bad precedent in Islam will be punished."

 

We have also quoted from the books Shami and Mirqaat that Bid`at is of five categories, viz. Ja`iz, Wajib, Mustahab, Makruh and Haraam. According to your statement, we will have to omit many things which are known to be part and parcel of religion but were innovated after the blessed age of The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wa`sallam) such as the Masaa`ils of Fiqh, the four Madhabs, viz. Hanafi, Shafi, Maliki, Hanbali; the Tariqas, viz. Nashbandiyya, Qaderiyya, Chistiyya, Shuhruwardiyya, Alwiyya, etc.; the denominations of the Sufiyya-Ikraam; the categorisation of the six Kalimay, Imaan-e-Mujmal, Imaan-e-Mufassal; the division of the Holy Qur`an into 30 parts; the compilation of the knowledge of Hadith and the categorisation of Hadith, i.e. Sahih, Da`if, Hassan, Mu`addal, etc.; the construction of Madrassay and arrangement of their syllabuses; and to set a course for achieving the degree of Alim and Qari and to present certificates on the completion of the course to the respective students, etc. will all be Haraam according to your statement that all Bid`ats are Haraam and there is nothing like Bid`at-e-Hasana.

 

In fact, there is no act of Shari`at or Tariqat which is void of Bid`at. Then how much will you try to avoid such a Haraam (as you say) when it is surrounding your whole religious activity. So you will have to take back your word and agree that all Bid`ats are not Haraam but only those which contradict with the Kitaab and Sunnah.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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